Nigeria, Nigerian Biafran War

The disequilibrium and corruption of the electoral and political process led in 1966 to several back-to- back military coups.The first was led by a collection of young leftists under major Emmanuel Ifeajuna and Chuwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu. but the coupists coul not set up a central Govt. and they presurised the President, sir Nwafar Orizu, to hand over the administration to the nigerian army. This coup was counter-acted by another successful plot , supported primarily by Northern Military officers which allowed Lt.Colonel Yakubu Gowon to become the head of state. they killed many civilian and military officers.

The violence against the Igbo increasd their desire for autonomy in May 1967, and declared an independent state called the Republic of Biafra under the leadership of Lt. Colonel Ojukwu in line with the wishes of the people.

A 30 months civil war ended by the defeat of south east nigeria, which changed head of state twice as many officers staged a bloodless coup against Gowon and enthroned Murtala Mohammad;

Military Era:

In the meantime oil prices were increased and Nigeria joined the OPEC. billion of ollars generated by production in the oil-rich Niger delta. increase of earning of foreign money also helped in the increase of corruption. general Mohammedwas assassinated on Feb. 1976, in an abortive coup.His chief of staff Lt. Gen.Obasanju became the head of state.Reorganisation of states took place and in 1996 there were 36 in number.

A cosnituent Assembly was elected in 1977.