Pakistan, Towards formation of Muslim League

First session of Indian National Congress,1885First session of AIML,1906

Sir Syed Ahmed

Syed Ameer Ali The foundation of Indian Natiomal Congress in 1885was an attempt to narrow the Hindu-Muslim divide and place the genuine grievance of all the communities in the country before the British.But Sir Syed and other muslim Leaders like Ameer Ali projected the Congress as a representative body of Hindus and thus, thwarted the first genuine attempt in the countryfor Hindu-Muslim unity. Poor participation of of Muslims in the Congress proves it. "of the seventy two delegates attending the first session of the Congress only two were Muslims."Muslim leaders opposed the Congress tooth and nail on the plea that Muslims' participation in it would create an unfavourable reaction among the rulers against their community".

Muslim Orthodoxy or its patrons in elite sections in the community with sword of religious identity and slogan- 'Islam is in Danger' continuously challenged the political awakening in Indian society if it directly or indirectly affected their superior status and influence. They therefore viewed the democratic and secular movement launched by the Congress- as hallenge to their supremacy over the Hindus. Acceptance of Devanagri script and Hindi as an official language of United Province now Uttar Pradesh i place of Persian in 1900 by Lieutenant Governor A.Macdonnel was another significant development to Stir the Muslims on communal line. No such aggressive resistance was made when the British replaced Persian with English in late thirties of nineteenth century.

Sir Syed Ahmed died in 1898 but his followers in defense of Urdu language launched agitation against the decision of the representative of British power in United Province.

On 1 Oct 1906, a 35 member delegation of the Muslim nobles , aristocracies, legal professionals and other elite sections of the community mostly assciated with Aligarh movement gathered at Siml under the leadership of Aga Khan to present an address to Lord Minto.They demanded proportional representation of Muslims in Govt, jobs, appointment of Muslim Judges in High courts,and members in viceroy's councils etc. Though Simla deputation failed to obtain any positive commitment from the viceroy, it worked as a catalyst for foundation of AIML to safeguard the interests of the Muslims.
under the active leadership of Aligarhians, the movements  the movements for Muslim separatism created political awakening among the Muslims in the communal line.  This ideology of political exclusivism in the name of religion gave birth to nAIMLin the session of All India muslim League in the session of All India Mohammedan Educational conference held in Dacca (Dec. 27-30, 1906). Nawab Salimullah , chairman of the reception committeeand convener of the political meeting proposed the creation of AIML. A 56-member provisional committee was constituted with prominent Muslim leaders from different parts of the country.Even some Muslim members within the Congress like Ali Imam, Hasan Imam, Mazhanul haque (All Barristers from Bihar) and Hami Ali khan (Barrister from Lucknow) were included in the committee.Mohsin -ul-Mulk in 1907, Viqar-ul-Mulk was in full control of he league.First session of the league was held in Dec, 29-30 at karachi with Adamjee Peerbhoy as its President.