Wars in China - a road to forgein invasion

China is a country with one of the longest recorded histories in the world. Records of conflict and wars exist at least as far back as the 8th century B.C. However, a few notable wars and events stand out as major turning points in the history of the nation. Much of the early conflict ultimately established the borders of China, while later conflicts established its modern identity

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The Chinese have fought thousands of battles over the many long centuries of their history, and developed many types of armor, weapons and other devices for war. The most well known invention, gunpowder, was initially used to make fireworks but was quickly transformed into a weapon. The Chinese used gunpowder weapons to defeat the Mongols in several battles in the 13th century, and the Mongols were soon also using gunpowder in warfare. And it was the Mongols who brought knowledge of gunpowder to Europe in the ensuing decades.

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eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/list_7420155_ancient-chinese-war-inventions.html#ixzz2Qsc1aQuvOne of the earliest projectile weapon designs that began using metal-making technology was the evolution from the simple bow and arrow to the crossbow. The ancient Chinese were among the first to do so, inventing their variations of the crossbow as far back as 2,000 B.C. As a result, later weapon development had a significant effect on Chinese warfare between tribes.

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The crossbow is an ancient weapon that was used primarily for military purposes. The crossbow was used by armies all over the world and drastically changed the way battles were fought. Operation required little training and was relatively easy compared to other ancient weapons, which greatly increased the amount of damage done. Today, its primary purpose is for target practice and recreational hunting.

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Early History

• The ancient crossbow dates back to 600 B.C. in Ancient China. Remains of bronze bolts and repeating crossbows have been discovered in tombs throughout China. Crossbows are thought to have been used widely in ancient China. Sun Tzu's "The Art of War," features a chapter describing crossbows. Greece developed its own variation of the crossbow around the same time, but it was cruder and less effective than the Chinese version. The Roman Empire used crossbows and a variety of similar mechanical weapons.

Medieval History

• The crossbow was introduced to England by William the Conquerer in 1066. Crossbows could penetrate armor easily and were usable by untrained soldiers. As a result, the crossbow was considered to be a peasant's weapon and an abomination. At one point, it was banned by Pope Urban II. Additional ban attempts were conducted by Pope Innocent II and the Magna Carta. Despite the ban, crossbows were widely used in medieval armies. Crossbows also gained popularity as sport hunting weapons.They were especially favored by Queen Elizabeth and King James

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The history of China reaches back over 5,000 years. In that time, China has created a culture rich in philosophy and the arts. China has seen the invention of amazing products and technologies such as silk, paper, gunpowder, and movable-type printing.
Over the millennia, China has fought hundreds of wars. It has conquered its neighbors, and been conquered by them in turn. Early Chinese explorers sailed all the way to Africa; today, China's space program continues this tradition of exploration.

Mongol Invasion

• During the 13th century, China was threatened again from the North. During this protracted conflict, an estimated 60 million people were killed by the invading Mongols

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