As soon as Andrew Fraser's ( He joined the Indian Civil Service in 1871, serving in the Central Provinces for nearly thirty years. In 1897, he was appointed a CSI and was knighted with the KCSI in 1902. During his service he rose to be the Chief Commissioner of Central Provinces in 1899 followed by President of Police Commission in 1902. In 1903, he was selected the successor of James Bourdillon to the post of the Lieutanant Governor of Bengal) scheme was made public the Bengalis burst out in (Remains of the house of Sir Andrew Fraser, Lieutenant Governor of Bengal (1903 -1908), at Frasergunj, near Bakkali ) frenzied fury and rose to a man in protest against the proposed partition. The main reason is to divide the majority Bengali Hindu population in Bengal into two non-majority Bengali Hindu population, 1. Assam and Eastern Bengal and 2. West Bengal with Orissa and Bihar. Hundreds of protest meetings were organised in different parts of Eastern Bengal and dozens of leaflets included An Open Letter to Lord Curzon published from Dacca in April, 1904. To gain support on the decision of Bengal Partition Lord Curzon underook memorable tour of Eastern regions (February 1904) and delivered important speeches at Chittagong, Dacca, and Mymensingh in order to specify the agitated people. A mammoth meeting was organised in the Town Hall of calcutta on 18 march ,1904,with Raja Peary Mohan Mukherjee in the chair. Even in the Bombay Congress of 1904, a resolution was passed recording its " emphatic protest against the proposals of the Government of India, for the partition of Bengal in any manner whatsoever." But the news of Partition of Bengal was first published in the Calcutta Press on 6 July,1905 and the official announcement was published on 19 July, 1905.
The Swadeshi Movement was formally born at the historic Town Hall meeting of Calcutta on 7 Aug,1905, under the presidentship of Maharaja Manindra Chandra Nandyof Cossimbazar. The meeting took the solemn pledges of Boycott and Swadeshi and expressed its firm resolution to carry on the movement until the reversion of Bengal Partition was accomplished.The whole of Bengal became excited with its battle-cry of Bande Mataram.
The leaders who stood at the forefront in the propagation of the Boycott and Swadeshi ideologies were ;
Surendranath Banerjee of Bengalee , Motilal Ghose of Amrita Bazar Patrika, Brahmabandhab Upadhyay od Sandhya, Bipin Chandra Pal of New India, and Krishna Kumar Mitra of Sanjivani, Satish Chandra Mukherjee of Dawn and Dawn Soviety's Magazine. Special mention should be made of Rabindranath Tagore who by creating his unique poetry of patriotism kept the flame of the movement ablaze. A good number of legal luminaries, such as Rashbehari Ghose , Goorudas Banerjee, Ashutosh Choudhury, Jogesh Chandra Chodhury, Abdul Rasul, and hirendranath Datta, also strength behind it. Moreover, Maharaja Manindra chandra nandy, Raja Peary Mohan Mukherjee of Uttarpara, Brajendrakishore Roychoudhury of Gouripur, Maharaja Surya Kanta Acharyay of Mymensingh and Subodh chandra Basu Mallik of Calcutta. .
