After calling off the non-cooperation movement, Gandhi started campaigning against untouchability, a great social evil, with a view to absorb the suppressed classes into Hindu society which was observed by the Muslims in suspision. Moreover, Swami Shradhnanda vigorously carried on sudhi (purification) movement as a counterpart of the Tanzeem and Tabligh movement called by the Muslims.
In the Jamait -ul-Ulema conferenceheld at Cocanada on Dec. 1923, jinnah in his presidential address referred to the sponsors of the sudhi movement as "the worst enemies of india" and expressed the opinion that the snghathan movement would prove detrimental to the cause of India's advance. Serious communal riots vitiated the political atmosphere of India from 1923 onwards. but the Hindu leaders did not pay any attention to the the problems of Hindu-muslim relations except C.R.Das who, in 1923, signed a pact with Fazlul Huq, Suhrawardy and other Muslim leaders garunteering the safegurd of political and administrative interest of the Muslim community. But after the death of Mr. Das in 1925 Bengal pact became ineffective. Mr. Das also tried to introduce "a religio-communal strange marriage" to raise consciousness with institutional forms of representative politics "through unity from top."
