By the mid-80s a multi-branch, developed industry was created in
Ukraine covering about 20 major industries, namely power generating, fuel,
ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical and gas,
machine-building and metal-working, forest, wood-working and wood pulp and
paper, construction materials, light, food and others. In 1990, for instance,
approximately 300 billion kWh of energy, approximately 40 million tons of
ferrous metals rolled stock, and 6.5 million tons of steel pipes were produced;
more than 100 million tons of iron ore were mined; 37 thousand metal cutting
machine-tools, and more than 100 thousand tractors were manufactured in
Ukraine.
Ukraine has five nuclear power stations
with fifteen reactors with a total power output of 13.6 thousand MW (13 reactors
of WWR type and 2 reactors of RBMK type in the Chernobyl NPS). In addition there
are 47 thermal power stations with a total power output of 32.4 thousand MW, 6
large hydraulic power stations on the Dnieper and 55 small stations on other
rivers.
In the coal-mining industry, more than
300 mines are operated in three coal-mining regions. Ukraine produces only 5.5
million tons of its own oil, but the ramified network of oil pipelines supports
the operation of 10 petroleum plants. The Ukrainian gas pipelines transport the
Russian gas to Central and Western Europe.
Approximately 200 large enterprises are
operating in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, pipe and rolling industry.
These include the world largest complexes for the production of cast iron,
steel, rolled stock and pipes in Dniepropetrovsk, Zaporozhje, Donetsk, Makeevka,
Mariupol and other cities.
The mechanical engineering sector is
represented by enterprises producing metallurgical, oil, chemical, mining, power
generating, railway (locomotives, carriages, tank-cars, etc.), road construction
and transportation (ships, aircraft, cars, city transport) equipment, machinery
for agriculture, light and food industry, metal-cutting machine tools,
instrumentation.
The Zaporozhje ‘Motor-Sich’ plant
manufactures aircraft engines for all the CIS countries. One of the world
largest aerospace concerns - ‘Pivdenny’ - is functioning in Dniepropet-rovsk;
Kharkov turbines are known in many countries. A high-capacity chemical
production complex is located in the city of Kaloush.
Altogether, the industry of Ukraine includes more
than 10000 state and joint stock enterprises, and hundreds of private and
collectively owned small and medium-sized businesses have been established over
the last years, which operate in various industries
INTERNATIONAL Cooperating
PRODUCTION AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COOPERATION. With the participation of foreign
capital in Ukraine created joint enterprise characterized by different
values of charter fund number of employees,
account of others.
Quite
advanced and promising form of the externaltion of enterprises of our country
is cooperating production that widespread mostly in
engineering. Interstate of cotion - a establish closer links
between enterprises of different countries together produce certain products.
These large computer-subunits, as the Southern Machine
Plant in Dnipropetrovsk (Issue launch vehicles), Zaporizhzhya plant engines
"Motor-Sich" or Kyiv
Aviation Plant. A. Antonova, have numerous produc-nychi relationships with partners
from the former USSR, especially Russian enterprises. Between them adjusted
kooperuvantion and
scientific and technical sphere.
In general,
Ukraine has great prospects of development of various forms International Science and
Technology Cooperation: preparation of Zarabizhnyh experts in higher education
institutions to participate in joint U.S., Russia and Norway programa
Marine Launch (start spacecraft from the ocean at the
Ukrainian launch vehicles "Zenith").
