Achaemenid gold vessels from the Oxus treasure.
Achamenid gold en bowl with lion imagery.
In the 5th century BCE the king of Persia ruled over territories roughly encompassing today's Iran, Iraq, Armenia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tjikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkey, Bulgaria, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, causia, Many Parts of Greece, Parts of central Asia, Libya, and northern parts of Arabia, .Eventually by 480 BCEthe Achaemenids went on to hold the greatest percentage of world population for an empire, and became the largest empire in ancient history.
The Ionian Revolt in 499 BC, and associated revolts in Aeolis, Doris, Cyprus and Caria, were military rebillions by several regions of Asia Minor against Persian rule, lasting from 499 to 493 BC.
Persian Empire at the time of Persian war.